\nFor instance, I’ve been wondering a bit about gender differentials in the age profile
\nof migration and re-migration. So I started looking for data, initially
\non the Irish CSO site, where I found annual year-of-age
\npopulation estimates<\/a>.<\/p>\n
I coupled this with figures on deaths from the Human Mortality Database<\/a>, to calculate cohort-wise net Once started on this exercise, I decided to widen my horizons, and went This graphic shows this quantity (i.e., cumulative net migration) for a selection of EU countries, by We see a number of different experiences here: Poland’s net emigration, These are summaries, and important ones. But it is also possible to use (If you want more info on how to create heatmaps in Stata, give me a shout<\/a>.)<\/p>\n Since this is oriented in terms of birth-year, cohorts can be followed There is a lot going on here: First, apart from 2006-2012, there has On the whole the male and female pictures are similar, except for the Below is a data dump for the countries in the second graphic above, Germany (with surprisingly inconsistent data), Denmark, France, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, Austria, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland and the UK. Migration is a big issue at the moment in Europe, not least in the UK where public fears about migration (stoked by a racist press and a Home Secretary and now PM who, let’s say, seems to have a visceral unreasoned belief that the presence of foreigners in some way harms Britain) lie behind the … Continue reading Comparative perspective on migration from Eurostat population data<\/span>
\nmigration figures, defined as change in cohort size net of deaths, using
\n1996 as the base year. With this I generated, inter alia, the following
\ngraph, comparing the timeseries of net migration for males and females
\nbroken down by cohort. This clearly shows a very strong effect whereby
\nwhile both sexes are most likely to migrate in their 20s, males are much
\nmore likely to re-migrate whereas females settle down (this
\ninterpretation depends on the assumption that a lot of the post-crisis
\ndecline in cumulative net migration was due to recent immigrants
\nre-migrating).<\/p>\n![\"Net](\"http:\/\/teaching.sociology.ul.ie\/bhalpin\/mig\/netmig.png\")
<\/p>\n
\nto the Eurostat Population Database<\/a> where both population and death data
\nis available by calendar year and year of age. This allows me to
\ncalculate cohort net size between 1993 and 2015 for most European
\ncountries, using estimates supplied to Eurostat by the national
\nstatistical agencies.<\/p>\n
\nsex, expressed as a proportion of the population size).<\/p>\n![\"netmigRate.png\"](\"http:\/\/teaching.sociology.ul.ie\/bhalpin\/mig\/netmigRate.png\")
<\/p>\n
\nIreland’s huge intake reversing after the financial crisis hits, and
\notherwise different levels if net in-migration. Notably, while the UK
\nshows significant in-migration, it is hardly the most extreme, with
\nIreland, Sweden and Italy showing higher levels.<\/p>\n
\ngraphics to present more detailed data, using heatmaps to produce what
\n@jonminton<\/a> calls “Lexis surfaces<\/a>“. First, we can look at the data for
\nIreland, looking at cohort-wise net migration by calendar year.<\/p>\n![\"netmigIE.png\"](\"http:\/\/teaching.sociology.ul.ie\/bhalpin\/mig\/netmigIE.png\")
<\/p>\n
\nhorizontally, while age groups are represented by lines going down to
\nthe right.<\/p>\n
\nbeen serious net emigration for both males and females aged between
\nabout 18 and 28. Despite the Celtic Tiger in the mid 1990s, people were
\nstill leaving, but just before the crisis hit this was reversed. It also
\ntook a while after the crisis for this age-group to go back net
\nnegative. Otherwise we see really significant immigration of cohorts
\nborn in the 1960s and 1970s from relatively early in the period,
\nsustained until the crisis and importantly showing little decline after
\nthe crisis. A lot of these will be Irish people who emigrated earlier
\nreturning as the economy picks up.<\/p>\n
\nfeature picked up in the first graphic: females are less likely to
\nre-migrate \u2013 that is, particularly looking at the 1980s cohorts, there
\nis markedly less post-crisis drop-off than in the male data.<\/p>\n
\nIt’s worth noting that the UK, like Sweden, Austria, Denmark, Germany
\nand Ireland have lots of net migration in the 20-40 age range, which is
\neconomically most beneficial. France is odd: net in-migration across the
\nage range, but a strong pattern of significant emigration of young men
\n(also, but weaker, of young women). Switzerland and the Netherlands show
\nan interesting secondary effect, of net emigration of older cohorts (see
\ncommentary for NL<\/a>).<\/p>\n![\"netmigDE.png\"](\"http:\/\/teaching.sociology.ul.ie\/bhalpin\/mig\/netmigDE.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"netmigDK.png\"](\"http:\/\/teaching.sociology.ul.ie\/bhalpin\/mig\/netmigDK.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"netmigFR.png\"](\"http:\/\/teaching.sociology.ul.ie\/bhalpin\/mig\/netmigFR.png\")
<\/p>\n<\/p>\n![\"netmigIT.png\"](\"http:\/\/teaching.sociology.ul.ie\/bhalpin\/mig\/netmigIT.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"netmigNL.png\"](\"http:\/\/teaching.sociology.ul.ie\/bhalpin\/mig\/netmigNL.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"netmigOT.png\"](\"http:\/\/teaching.sociology.ul.ie\/bhalpin\/mig\/netmigOT.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"netmigPL.png\"](\"http:\/\/teaching.sociology.ul.ie\/bhalpin\/mig\/netmigPL.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"netmigSE.png\"](\"http:\/\/teaching.sociology.ul.ie\/bhalpin\/mig\/netmigSE.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"netmigSW.png\"](\"http:\/\/teaching.sociology.ul.ie\/bhalpin\/mig\/netmigSW.png\")
<\/p>\n![\"netmigUK.png\"](\"http:\/\/teaching.sociology.ul.ie\/bhalpin\/mig\/netmigUK.png\")
<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"